The Presentation file of the first session can be downloaded from here

The Following is the presentation topics, an explanation is to be written for every line as possible...

C as a Programming Language:

• Programming as logic
• Language as grammar and syntax
• Procedural
• Modular
• Abstraction/Hiding
  • C enables it, C++ supports it
• Object-Oriented
  • C enables it, C++ supports it
• C++: Parametrization or Generic Programming

Building:

• Generating an executable from code
• Concept of Makefile
  • Compiling -- gcc
  • Linking -- ld
  • Installation -- install
  • Packaging -- package-manager/strip
  • Uninstallation
  • Cleaning

Compiling:

• Preprocessing – cpp
• Compiling – gcc
• Some important flags (-o, -c, -Wall, -L, -I, -l, -g, -O, -D, -Wl,)
• Cross compiling

Directives and Include:

• #include
• #define
• #ifdef
• Include guards
• What's in the include?
• Include path “”,

   <> 

General Guidelines

• Maintainability/Readability
  • Deterministic modules – no voodoo
  • Minimize ripple effect
  • Documentation
  • Intuitive naming
• Flexibility/Scalability – Growth and Reduction
• Usability
• Reusability of Code

Empty Program

• Every statement ends with ;
• Space insensitive
• {} scopes
• A brief intro to functions
• main

Data Types

• Primitive/Built-in data type controls:
  • Storage
  • Operation compatibility
• Typical types:
  • double, float
  • int, short, long, long long
  • unsigned, unsigned short, unsigned long, unsigned long long
  • char, unsigned char – ASCII
• typedef (architecture example)

Variables

• Data Type (Domain)
• Scope – Variables on stack
• Declaration
  • int x; char c = 'k';
  • int x, y;
• Global variables
• Qualifiers
  • static
  • extern

Data Represenation

• Writing constants
  • Hex 0xa3, Octal 0666, Binary 0111b
• Chars

  •  '<c>', ascii value 

• printf

  •  printf (“Printing %<sp1> %<sp2> %<sp3>\n”, var1, var2, var3); 

  • Type specifiers:
  • %x, %u, %i, %d, %f, %lu, %lx, %Lu, %Lx, %c, %s
• scanf

  •  scanf (“<sp1> <sp2> <sp3>”, &var1, &var2, &var3); 

  •  %[*][width][modifiers]type

Operators

• Primary (( ), , ., ->)
• Unary (pre/post++, !, ~, &, *)
• Arithmetic (*,/,%,+,-)
• Bitwise (>>,<<,&,^,|)
• Relational (<,>,<=,>=,==,!=)
• Logical (&&, ||)
• Conditional (? :)
• Assignment (=,+=,-=,*=,/=,<<=,>>=, %=,|=,&=,^=)

Precedence

Who gets processed First?

• Primary
• Unary (Right associative)
• *,/,%
• +,-
• >>,<<
• >,<,<=,>=
• ==,!=
• &
• ^
• |
• &&
• ||
• ?: (Right associative)
• Assignment (Right associative)

Casting

• Explicit cast
  • char x = 'a'; int y = (int) x;
  • int x = 5; char y = (char) x;
• Implicit cast
  • double a, b, c; int x; c = a*b + x;
  • x = a*b + c;
  • Signedness

Code Example